Traditional Leadership, Customary Authority, and the Constitution: A Delicate Balance in South Africa’s Democracy
By Kholofelo Maruma and Milda Phaahlane Before the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, traditional leadership operated with little to no democratic oversight. Traditional authority was inherited along family lines, typically from father to son or uncle to nephew, and leaders exercised control over land, local justice, and communal life […]